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Blumeria graminis
''Blumeria graminis'' (commonly called barley powdery mildew or corn mildew) is a fungus that causes powdery mildew on grasses, including cereals. It is the only species in the genus ''Blumeria''. It has also been called ''Erysiphe graminis'' and (by its anamorph) ''Oidium monilioides'' or ''Oidium tritici''.
==Systematics==
Previously ''B. graminis'' was included within the genus ''Erysiphe'', but molecular studies have placed it into a clade of its own. Thus since 1975, the species ''graminis'' was moved into the new taxa ''Blumeria'' of which is the only species.
''Blumeria'' differs from ''Erysiphe'' in its digitate haustoria and in details of the conidial wall. As well ''Blumeria'' is considered to be phylogenetically distinct from ''Erisiphe'' as it is a plant pathogen that hosts solely on the true grasses of ''Poaceae. ''
Eight special forms or ''formae speciales'' (ff.spp.) of ''B. graminis'' have been distinguished, each of which is parasitic on a particular genus of grasses. Those that infect crop plants are ''B. graminis'' f.sp. ''tritici'', which causes powdery mildew of wheat and infects other grasses in the genera ''Triticum'' and ''Aegilops'', f.sp. ''hordei'' on barley, f.sp. ''avenae'' on oats and f.sp. ''secalis'' on rye. Other ''formae speciales'' are pathogenic on wild grasses, including ''agropyri'' on grasses in the genera ''Agropyron'' and ''Elymus'', ''bromi'' on ''Bromus'' spp., ''poae'' on ''Poa'' spp. and ''lolii'' on ''Lolium'' spp. (ryegrass).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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